Clinical efficacy and safety in primary hypercholesterolaemia and mixed dyslipidaemia

Summary of the Phase 3 Clinical Trials Program - 75 mg and/or 150 mg every 2 weeks (Q2W) dosing regimen

Evaluation of Cardiovascular (CV) events

A cardiovascular outcomes trial whose primary endpoint is adjudicated major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE, i.e. CHD death, myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and unstable angina requiring hospitalisation) is ongoing.

In pre-specified analyses of pooled phase 3 studies, treatment-emergent CV events confirmed by adjudication, consisting of coronary heart disease (CHD) death, myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, unstable angina requiring hospitalisation, congestive heart failure hospitalisation, and revascularisation, were reported in 110 (3.5%) patients in the alirocumab group and 53 (3.0%) patients in the control group (placebo or active control) with HR=1.08 (95% CI, 0.78 to 1.50).  Major adverse cardiovascular events (“MACE-plus”, i.e.: CHD death, myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and unstable angina requiring hospitalisation) confirmed by adjudication were reported in 52 of 3182 (1.6%) patients in the alirocumab group and 33 of 1792 (1.8%) patients in the control group (placebo or active control); HR=0.81 (95% CI, 0.52 to 1.25).

In pre-specified final analyses of the LONG TERM study, treatment-emergent CV events confirmed by adjudication occurred in 72 of 1550 (4.6%) patients in the alirocumab group and in 40 of 788 (5.1%) patients in the placebo group; MACE-plus confirmed by adjudication were reported in 27 of 1550 (1.7%) patients in the alirocumab group and 26 of 788 (3.3%) patients in the placebo group. Hazard ratios were calculated post-hoc; for all CV events, HR=0.91 (95% CI, 0.62 to 1.34); for MACE-plus, HR=0.52 (95% CI, 0.31 to 0.90).

Clinical efficacy and safety in prevention of cardiovascular events 

ODYSSEY OUTCOMES study

A multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial included 18,924 adult patients (9462 alirocumab; 9462 placebo) followed for up to 5 years. Patients had experienced an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) event 4 to 52 weeks prior to randomization and were treated with a lipid-modifying-therapy (LMT) regimen that was statin-intensive (defined as atorvastatin 40 or 80 mg, or rosuvastatin 20 or 40 mg) or at maximally tolerated dose of those statins, with or without other LMT. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive either alirocumab 75 mg once every two weeks (Q2W) or placebo Q2W. At month 2, if additional LDL-C lowering was required based on pre-specified LDL-C criteria (LDL-C ≥50 mg/dL or 1.29 mmol/dL), alirocumab was adjusted to 150 mg Q2W. For patients who had their dose adjusted to 150 mg Q2W and who had two consecutive LDL-C values below 25 mg/dL (0.65 mmol/L), down-titration from 150 mg Q2W to 75 mg Q2W was performed. Patients on 75 mg Q2W who had two consecutive LDL-C values below 15 mg/dL (0.39 mmol/L) were switched to placebo in a blinded fashion. Approximately 2615 (27.7%) of 9451 patients treated with alirocumab required dose adjustment to 150 mg Q2W. Of these 2615 patients, 805 (30.8%) were down-titrated to 75 mg Q2W. Overall, 730 (7.7%) of 9451 patients switched to placebo. A total of 99.5% of patients were followed for survival until the end of the trial. The median follow-up duration was 33 months.

The index ACS event was a myocardial infarction in 83.2% of patients (34.6% STEMI, 48.6% NSTEMI) and an episode of unstable angina in 16.8% of patients. Most patients (88.8%) were receiving high intensity statin therapy with or without other LMT at randomization. The mean LDL-C value at baseline was 92.4 mg/dL (2.39 mmol/L).

Alirocumab significantly reduced the risk for the primary composite endpoint of the time to first occurrence of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE-plus) consisting of coronary heart disease (CHD) death, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), fatal and non-fatal ischemic stroke, or unstable angina (UA) requiring hospitalization (HR 0.85, 95% CI: 0.78, 0.93; p-value=0.0003). Alirocumab also significantly reduced the following composite endpoints: risk of CHD event; major CHD event; cardiovascular event; and the composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal MI, and non-fatal ischemic stroke. A reduction of all-cause mortality was also observed, with only nominal statistical significance by hierarchical testing (HR 0.85, 95% CI: 0.73, 0.98). The results are presented in Table 3.

approval of a Cardiovascular Risk reduction variation

Updates to Section 4.8 to add flu-like illness as follows:-

Tabulated list of adverse reactions

• The following adverse reactions were reported in patients treated with alirocumab in pooled controlled studies and/or post-marketing use (see Table 1).
• The frequency of adverse reactions reported during post-marketing use cannot be determined as they are derived from spontaneous reports. Consequently, the frequency of these adverse events is qualified as "not known".

Not Known column added to table

Under General disorders and administration site conditions added:-

• Flu-like illness

4.2 Posology and method of administration

3

Praluent should be used as soon as possible after it has warmed up. (Ssee section 6.6)

Each pre-filled pen or pre-filled syringe is for single use only.